What is Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) Assessment & Management?
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), usually delivered with a BiPAP machine and a face or nasal mask, supports breathing by giving pressurised air on each breath. It helps remove carbon dioxide and rest tired breathing muscles. NIV is used in hospital during flare-ups of COPD and some forms of respiratory failure, and at home for selected patients with chronic high carbon dioxide levels.
Why it is done
- COPD flare-ups with high carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnic respiratory failure)
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Neuromuscular or chest wall conditions affecting breathing
- Selected patients with chronic respiratory failure needing home NIV
Before the procedure
- Assessment with blood gas tests, oxygen levels and, where appropriate, a sleep study
- Review of your symptoms, current treatment and goals of care
During the procedure
- A suitable mask is fitted for comfort and a good seal
- Pressure settings are adjusted gradually while oxygen and carbon dioxide levels are monitored
- You and your family are taught how to use the machine
After the procedure
- Regular follow-up with device data review
- Settings and masks are adjusted to improve comfort and effectiveness
Safety & risks
NIV is generally safe. Common issues include mask discomfort, skin pressure marks, dryness and bloating, which can usually be managed with adjustments. Your team will tell you when urgent review is needed.
Preparation instructions may differ for individual patients — please follow the specific advice given at your consultation.